Tag: design

Design for the T-Rex Vision

T-rex_by_Lilyu

Note: In case you missed it, there is currently a chance to get a free eBook of RESS Essentials from Packt Publishing. All you need to do is check the book out at Packt Publishing web site, drop a line about the book back at the comments section of my article with your email address and enter a draw for one of the three free books. And now, back to regular programming.

As a proud owner of a rocking home theater system, I think I played Jurassic Park about a gazillion times (sorry, neighbors). There I got some essential life lessons, for example that T-Rex’s vision is based on movement – it does not see you if you don’t move. While I am still waiting to put that knowledge into actual use, it got me thinking recently about design, and the need to update and change the visuals of our Web applications.

Our microwave recently died, and we had to buy a new one. Once installed, the difference was large enough to make me very conscious about its presence in the kitchen. But a funny thing happen – after a few days of me getting used to it, I stopped seeing it. I mean, I did see it, otherwise where did I warm up my cereals in the morning? But I don’t see it – it just blends into the overall kitchen-ness around me. There’s that T-Rex vision in practice.

Recently an article by Addison Duvall – Is Cool Design Really Uncool caught my attention because it posits that new design trends get old much too soon thanks to the quick spreading via the Internet. This puts pressure on the designers to constantly chase the next trend, making them the perennial followers. Addison offers an alternative (the ‘true blue’ approach) in which a designer ‘sticks to his/her guns’ as a personal mark or style, but concedes that only a select few can actually be trend setters instead of followers. Probably due to them turning into purveyors of a ‘niche’ product and their annoying need to eat and clothe themselves, thus nudging them back into the follower crowd.

According to Mashable, Apple reported that 74% of their devices are already running iOS 7. This means that 74% of iPhone and iPad users look at flat, Retina-optimized and non-skeuomorphic designs every day (yours truly included). When I showed the examples of iOS 7 around the office when I updated to it, I got a mixed reaction, with some lovers of the old school Apple design truly shocked, and in a bad way. Not myself though – as a true Steven Spielberg disciple, I knew that it will be just a matter of time until this becomes ‘the new normal’ (whether there will be tears on my cheeks and the realization that ‘I love Big Brother’ is still moot). My vision is based on movement, and after a while, iOS 7 stopped moving and I don’t see it any more. You know what I did see? When iPad Retina arrived with iOS 6 installed and I looked at the horrible, horrible 3D everywhere (yes, I missed iPad Air by a month – on the upside, it is company-provided, so the price is right). I could not update to iOS 7 soon enough.

I guess we established that for many people (most people in fact), the only way around T-Rex vision is movement. That’s why we refresh the designs ever so often. In the words of Don Draper and his ‘Greek mentor’, the most exciting word in advertizing is ‘new’. Not ‘better’, ‘nicer’, ‘more powerful’, just ‘new’ – different, not the same old thing you have been starting at forever (well, for a year anyway, which seems like eternity in hindsight). The designs do not spoil like a (Greek) yogurt in your fridge, they just become old to us. This is not very different from my teenage daughter staring at a full closet and declaring ‘I have nothing to wear’. It is not factually true but in her teenage T-Rex eyes, the closet is empty.

OK then, so we need to keep refreshing the look of our Web apps. What does that mean in practice? Nothing good, it turns out. You would think that in a true spirit of separation of style and semantics, all you need to do is update a few CSS files and off you go.

Not so fast. You will almost certainly hit the following bummers along the way:

  1. Look is not only ‘skin deep’. In the olden days when we used Dojo/Dijit, custom widgets were made out of DOM elements (DIVs, SPANs) and then styled. This was when these widgets needed to run on IE6 (shudder). This means that updating the look means changing the DOM structure of the widgets, and the accompanied JavaScript.
  2. If the widget is reused, there is high likelihood that upstream clients have reached into the DOM and made references to these DOM nodes. Why? Because they can (there is no ‘private’ visibility in JavaScript). I really, really hate that and cannot wait for shadow DOM to become a reality. Until then, try updating one of those reused widgets and wait for the horrified upstream shrieks. Every time we moved to the new MINOR version of Dojo/Dijit, there was blood everywhere. This is no way to live.
  3. Aha, you say, but the newer way is so much better. Look at Bootstrap – it is mostly CSS, with only 8kB of minified gzipped JavaScript. Yes, I agree – the new world we live in is nicer, with native HTML elements directly styleable. Nevertheless, as we now use Boostrap 3.0, we wonder what would happen if we modify the vanilla CSS and then try to move to 4.0 when it arrives – how much work will that be? And please don’t start plugging Zurb Foundation now (as in “ooh, it has more subtle styles, it is easier to skin than Bootstrap”). I know it is nice, but in my experience, nothing is ever easy – it would just be difficult in a somewhat different way.
  4. You cannot move to the new look only partially. That’s the wonder of the new app-based, Cloud-based world that never ceases to amaze me. Yes, you can build a system out of loosely coupled services running in the Cloud, and it will work great as long as these services are giving you JSON or some other data. But if you try to assemble a composite UI, the browser is where the metaphorical rubber meets the road – woe unto you if your components are not all moved to the new look in lockstep – you will have a case of the Gryphon UI on your hands.

I wish I had some reassuring words for you, but I don’t. This is a hard problem, and it is depressing that the federated world of the Cloudy future didn’t change that complexity even a bit. In the end, everything ends up in a single browser window, and needs to match. Unless all your apps adopt something like Bootstrap, don’t change the default styles and move to the each new version diligently, you will suffer the periodic pain of re-skinning so that the T-Rexes that use your UIs can see it again (for a short while). It also helps to have sufficient control over all the moving parts so that coordinated moves can actually be made and followed through, in the way LinkedIn moved from several stacks and server side rendering to shared Dust.js templates on the client. Taking advantage of HTML5, CSS3 and shadow DOM will lessen the pain in the future by increasing separation between style and semantics, but it will never entirely diminish it.

If you think this is limited to the desktop, think again. Yes, I know that in theory you need to be visually consistent within the confines of your mobile app only, which is a much smaller world, but you also need to not look out of place after the major mobile OS update. Some apps on my iPhone caught up, some still look awkward. Facebook app was flat for a while already. Twitter is mostly content anyway, so they didn’t need to do much. Recently Dropbox app refreshed its look and is now all airy with lightweight icons and hair lines everywhere, while slate.com app is still chunky with 3D gradients (I guess they didn’t budget for frequent app refreshes). Oh, well – I guess that’s the price of doing pixel business – you need to budget for the new virtual clothes regularly.

Oh, look – my WordPress updated the Dashboard – looks so pretty, so – new!

© Dejan Glozic, 2013

Posted on by Dejan Glozic 1

Free Copies of RESS Essentials by Packt Publishing

6944OT_RESS Essentials

As my blog claims in the title, I care 70% about Web development and 30% about Web design. Nevertheless, 100% of me is always hungry for knowledge, and I devour large quantities of articles, books, blogs and tweets as part of my balanced diet. I was thinking: there is no reason my blogging and my reading should be two separate compartments – I could blog about what I read. As a result, I am starting a ‘Reviews’ category of my blog. And what better way to start this category in the midst of the holiday season than with a free book giveaway!

As I have recently blogged about RESS, the good people from Packt Publishing have sent me a copy of RESS Essentials to review. While I am busily reading the book, they have more free copies for a book giveaway.

Three (3) lucky winners stand a chance to win digital copies of the book. According to Packt, in the book you will find:

  • Easy-to-follow tutorials on implementing RESS application patterns
  • Information flow diagrams which will help you understand various RESS architectures with ease
  • Perform browser feature detection and store this information on server side

How to Enter?

All you need to do is head on over to the book page and look through the product description of the book. When done, come back and drop a line via the comments below this post to let us know what interests you the most about this book. And that’s it.

Deadline:

The contest will close in 1 weeks or 2 weeks time depending on the response. Winners will be contacted by email, so be sure to use your real email address!

© Dejan Glozic, 2013

Posted on by Dejan Glozic 4

The Gryphon Dilemma

Gryphon

In my introductory post The Turtleneck and the Hoodie I kind of lied a bit that I stopped doing everything I did in my youth. In fact, I am playing music, recording and producing more than I did in a while. I realized I can do things in the comfort of my home that I could have only dreamed in my youth. My gateway drug was Apple GarageBand, but I recently graduated to the real deal – Logic Pro X. As I was happily mixing a song in its beautifully redesigned user interface, I needed some elaborate delay so I reached for the Delay Designer plug-in. What popped up required some time to get used to:

Delay-Designer

This plug-in (and a few more in Logic Pro) clearly marches to a different drummer. My hunch is that it is a carry-over from the previous version, probably sub-contracted and the authors of the plug-in didn’t get to updating it to the latest L&F. Nevertheless, they shipped it this way because it very powerful and it does a great primary task, albeit in its own quirky way.

This experience reminded my of a dilemma we are faced today in any distributed system composed of a number of moving parts (let’s call them ‘apps’). A number of apps running in a cloud platform can serve Web pages, and you may want to hook them up together in a distributed ‘site of sites’. Clearly the loose nature of this system is great from the point of view of flexibility. You can individually evolve each app as long as the contract that glues them together is upheld. One app can be stable and move slowly, while you can rev the other one like mad. This whole architecture works great for non-visual services. The problem is when you try to pull any kind of coherent end user experience out of this unruly bunch.

A ‘web site’ is an illusion, inasmuch ‘movies’ are ‘moving’ – they are really a collection of still images switched at 24fps or faster. Web browsers are always showing one page at a time. If a user clicks on an external link, the browser will unceremoniously dump all of page’s belongings on the curb and load a new one. If it wasn’t for the user session and content caching, browsers would be like Alzheimer patients, having a first impression of the same page over and over. What binds pages together are common areas that these pages share with their keen, making them a part of the whole.

In order to ensure this illusion, web pages have always shared common areas that navigationally bind them to other pages. For the illusion to be complete, these common areas need to be identical from page to page (modulo selection highlights). Browsers have become so good at detecting shared content on pages they are switching in and out, that you can only spot a flash or flicker if the page is slow or there is another kind of anomaly. Normally the common areas are included using the View part of the MVC framework – including page fragments is 101 of the view templates. Most of the time it appears as if only the unique part of the page is actually changing.

Now, imagine what happens when you attempt to build a distributed system of apps where some of the apps are providing pages and others are supplying common areas. When all the apps are version 1.0, all is well – everything fits together and it is impossible to tell your pages are really put together like words on ransom notes. After a while, the nature of independently moving parts take over. We have two situations to contend with:

  1. An app that supplies common areas is upgraded to v2.0 while the other ones stay at v1.0
  2. An app that provides some of the pages is upgraded to v2.0 while common areas stay at 1.0
intra-page
Evolution of composite pages with parts evolving at a different pace.

These are just two sides of the same coin – in both cases, you have a potential for end-results that turn into what I call ‘a Gryphon UX’ – a user experience where it is obvious different parts of the page have diverged.

Of course, this is not a new situation. Operating system UIs go through these changes all the time with more or less controversy (hello, Windows 8 and iOS7). When that happens, all the clients using their services get the free face lift, willy-nilly. However, since native apps (either desktop or mobile) normally use native widgets, there are times when even an unassisted upgrade turns out without a glitch (your app just looks more current), and in real world cases, you only need to do some minor tweaking to make it fit the new L&F.

On the Web however, the Web site design runs much deeper, affecting everything on each page. A full-scale site redesign is a sweeping undertaking that is seldom attempted without full coordination of components. Evolving only parts of a page is plainly obvious and results in it not only being put together like a ransom note but actually looking like one.

There is a way out of this conundrum (sort of). In a situation where a common area can change on you any time, app developers can sacrifice inter-page consistency for intra-page consistency. There is no discussion that common set of links is what makes a site, but these links can be shared as data, not finished page fragments. If apps agree on the navigational data interchange format, they can render the common areas themselves and ensure gryphons do not visit them. This is like reducing your embassy status to a consulate – clearly a downturn in relationships.

Let’s apply this to a scenario above. With version evolution, individual pages will maintain their consistency, but as users navigate between them, common areas will change – the illusion will be broken and it will be very obvious (and jarring) that each page is on its own. In effect, what was before a federation of pages is more like a confederation, a looser union bound by common navigation but not the common user experience (a ‘page ring’ of sorts).

inter-page
Evolution of composite page where each page is fully controlled by its provider.

It appears that this is not as much a way out of the problem as ‘pick your poison’ situation. I already warned you that the Gryphon dilemma is more of a philosophical problem than a technical one. I would say that in all likelihood, apps that coordinate and work closely together (possibly written by the same team) will opt to share common areas fully. Apps that are more remote will prefer to maintain their own consistency at the expense of inter-page experience.

I also think it all depends on how active the app authors are. In a world of continuous development, perhaps short periods of Gryphon UX can be tolerated knowing that a new stable state is only a few deploys away. Apps that have not been visited for a while may prefer to not be turned into mythological creatures without their own consent.

And to think that Sheldon Cooper wanted to actually clone a gryphon – he could have just written a distributed Web site with his three friends and let the nature take its course.

© Dejan Glozic, 2013

Posted on by Dejan Glozic 2

The Turtleneck and the Hoodie

I have always envied people with a clarity of purpose. As far as the memory reaches, I have been pulled into multiple directions. Not that this is a particularly rare affliction, but it can on occasion make one’s life more difficult than necessary. Being able to describe yourself as one thing makes introductions and elevator pitches easier.

Youthful exuberance aside, it soon becomes clear that in order to become really good at something, many interests and pursuits must lapse to the level of hobbies at best. Certainly a hobby is still better than ‘that thing I did in my previous life’. For me, playing guitar in a band, hi-fi, SCUBA, recording and producing others are all either hobbies or things I fondly remember when I look at the old photos. However, sometimes even the spring cleaning of responsible adulthood does not leave you refreshingly focused and defined. You may have a destiny to be a ‘mixie’.

For me, struggling with the forces pulling me in multiple directions continued when I was a research and teaching assistant after graduation. See, even the title ‘research AND teaching’ has the conflict built into it. And I was not alone. An older colleague of mine used to say: “This university would have been much better without students”. Of course, at that point it would cease to be a “university” but I grant that “research” part would be much easier without all the time spent on pesky undergraduates.

Joining IBM in 1994 (19 years already?), the tug of war returned as soon as I started doing interesting things in user interfaces. From joining a cool new open source project called Eclipse to creating Eclipse component called PDE to moving to Rational Jazz project, I noticed that I not only cared how things worked but also how they looked and felt. However, in the early days, a developer who also cared about pixels was like a “dog playing a piano”, to borrow words of Freddy Rumsen from Mad Men Season 1. So much so that when the beta version of IBM’s Visual Age for Java was reviewed by a magazine, it was lovingly called “ugly as a dump truck”. Of course, between the beta and the final product, the designers sprinkled it with pixel dust but I always thought that developers should care about visuals from the get go.

Well, I definitely did – when I was writing UI code, and later when I lead teams doing the same, I tried to infect others with the idea that things should not only work great, they should look polished and beautiful. Some projects I started In Eclipse (say, UI Forms) made it really hard to not care (ok, they look dated today, but so does everything else). Later on, a team I lead as part of the Rational Jazz project created beautiful dashboards we still use daily while self-hosting. Still, even though I managed to infect a growing number of people with the thought that caring about code AND visuals is a false dichotomy, the best was yet to come.

Fast-forward to 2013. After iPod, iPhone and iPad, (ok, fine, even Windows 8 and the new Outlook) everybody cares about beauty. In fact, design is now a driving force in the company I work for. Design is not called in at the last moment to ‘do its thing’, or be completely done at the beginning with a big thud (BDUF) – it is a partner at the table, where great things are created collaboratively, using Lean UX techniques. A table where the turtlenecks and the hoodies can live in peace, complement each others’ strengths and watch for the blind spots. It is OK to be a hybrid – we even have a manifest now – Manifesto Ibridi. How cool is that?

It is a great time to have both of these passions in any ratio – caring how things work and how your users go about putting them to daily use. This blog is dedicated to topics I encounter living and leading teams in this crossover area. I hope I can infect you too and maybe wake up a passion that laid dormant for a long time.

As for me, I can now proudly stand up and say: “My name is Dejan Glozic. I care about design AND I care about code. And there is absolutely nothing wrong with that. In fact it is just awesome. Let me show you why.”

© Dejan Glozic, 2013

Posted on by Dejan Glozic 6